MEDICAL EDUCATION IS CHANGING IN PAKISTAN

Iftikhar Ahmad

Abstract


In 1910, Flexner report was published accusing the incompetent American, apprenticeship-based, medical education system. This system was producing low-grade physicians, with poor teaching and training standards in medical schools. The post-Flexnarian, discipline-based system transformed the structure of medical education in US, Canada and UK, by establishing the gold standard; the biomedical model of medical training. It became one of the most important revelations in the history of medicine and a foundation for the upcoming problem-based and clinical presentation based models of medical curricula.


Keywords


Education; Universities; Curriculum; Knowledge; Attitude.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Duffy TP. The Flexner report-100 years later. Yale J Biol Med 2011 Sep; 84(3): 269-76.

Fleming KA. Flexner at 100: a brief view from Oxford. Perspect Biol Med 2011 Winter; 54(1):24-9. https://doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2011.0013

Latif MZ, Wajid G. Reforming medical education in Pakistan through strengthening departments of medical education. Pak J Med Sci 2018 Nov-Dec; 34(6):1439-44. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.346.15942

Brauer DG, Ferguson KJ. The integrated curriculum in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 96. Med Teach 2015 Apr; 37(4):312-22. https://doi.org/10.3109/0142159X.2014.970998

Nasim M. Medical education needs to change in Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc 2011 Aug; 61(8):808-11.

Khan UA, Ayub R, Ayub JU, Khan AR, Ahsan J. Evaluation of MBBS curriculum using spices model. J Med Sci 2015 Oct-Dec; 23(4):248-50.

Majeed A. An Overview of medical education in Pakistan and the improvements required. Blog on J Pioneering Med Sci Blogs 2012 Aug 21 [cited 2020 Jun 12]. Available at: https://blogs.jpmsonline.com/2012/08/21/an-overview-of-medical-education-in-pakistan-and-the-improvements-required/

Iqbal MP, Waqar MA. Basic medical research as a means of solving national health problems. J Pak Med Assoc 1995; 45(9):250-2.

Siddiqui F, Malik AA. Promoting self-regulated learning skills in medical students is the need of time. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2019 May 3; 14(3):277-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.03.003

Khan H, Taqui AM, Khawaja MR, Fatmi Z. Problem-based versus conventional curricula: influence on knowledge and attitudes of medical students towards health research. PLoS One 2007 Jul 18; 2(7):e632. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000632




DOI: https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/18.04.906

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020. Iftikhar Ahmad

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

JOURNAL INDEXING