GALLBLADDER DISEASES: COMPLICATIONS AND RISK FACTORS, A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN REHMAN MEDICAL INSTITUTE (RMI), PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN

Jamil Ahmad; Akash Kumar; Zubair Ahmad Khan; Khalid Saifullah Baig; Sarah Rahim; Muhammad Mohsin

doi:10.46903/gjms/23.3.1600

GALLBLADDER DISEASES: COMPLICATIONS AND RISK FACTORS, A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN REHMAN MEDICAL INSTITUTE (RMI), PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN

Jamil Ahmad, Akash Kumar, Zubair Ahmad Khan, Khalid Saifullah Baig, Sarah Rahim, Muhammad Mohsin

Abstract

Background: Gallbladder pathologies significantly contribute to global morbidity, with cholelithiasis, calculous/acalculous cholecystitis, gangrene, and perforation representing common conditions. This study aimed to identify complications and risk factors influencing surgical outcomes in gallbladder disease patients.

Materials & Methods: We retrospectively analysed 42 patients undergoing open/laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Rehman Medical Institute (August 2021–July 2022). Statistical analysis used SPSS v26.

Results: Among patients (24 male, 18 female; mean age 58.74±16.049 years), abdominal pain (95.2%), nausea/vomiting (78.6%), and fever (61.9%) were predominant symptoms. Diagnoses included: Cholecystitis (54.8%), Gangrenous perforation (19.1%), Empyema (9.5%). Comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease) showed peak prevalence in males aged 61–70 years (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Cholecystitis was the predominant pathology, with advanced age, leucocytosis, and cardiometabolic comorbidities serving as key risk factors. Early diagnosis and cholecystectomy remain critical for mitigating complications, particularly in elderly males.

Keywords

Cholecystectomy; Cholecystitis; Gallbladder; Complications; Diseases; Empyema; Perforation.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/23.3.1600