VACCINATION IN PAKISTAN: A CORNERSTONE OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Nawazish Ali, Anil Iqbal, Mohammad Osama, Muhammad shafiq khan, Asma Bibi, Muneeba Attique, Samina Qadir

Abstract


In the twenty-first century, the word has become a global village due to simple access and unimaginable travel capabilities. But the drawback of this has now surfaced, as wave after wave of the corona virus has wreaked havoc. Due to the COVID-19 epidemic- industries, healthcare facilities, big companies, airlines, etc., have suffered greatly. All throughout the world, governments urged for drastic measures to stop the spread, such as total lockdowns of thriving megacities. However, this kind of approach is not long-term viable. In addition to being a practical and cost-effective approach, vaccination may also help to prevent the spread of viruses.

Keywords


Vaccination; Pakistan; vaccine hesitancy; 21st century

Full Text:

PDF

References


Excler JL, Saville M, Berkley S, Kim JH. Vaccine development for emerging infectious diseases. Nat Med. 2021 Apr 12;27(4):591-600. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01301-0

Pollard AJ, Bijker EM. A guide to vaccinology: from basic principles to new developments. Nat Rev Immunol. 2021 Feb 22;21(2):83-100. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-020-00479-7

Montero DA, Vidal RM, Velasco J, Carreño LJ, Torres JP, Benachi O, et al. Two centuries of vaccination: historical and conceptual approach and future perspectives. Front Public Health. 2024 Jan 9;11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1326154

Abbasi FH, Shaikh AA, Mehraj J, Raza SM, Rasool S, Bullo UF, et al. Vaccine hesitancy and perceptions of the community about polio in high-risk areas of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Dec 28;11(1):70. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010070

Goje O, Kapoor A. Meeting the challenge of vaccine hesitancy. Cleve Clin J Med. 2024 Sep;91(9 suppl 1):S50-6. https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.91.s1.08

Butt M, Mohammed R, Butt E, Butt S, Xiang J. Why have immunization efforts in Pakistan failed to achieve global standards of vaccination uptake and infectious disease control? Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020 Feb;13:111-24. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S211170




DOI: https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/22.4.suppl.1925

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024. Nawazish Ali, Anil Iqbal, Mohammad Osama, Muhammad shafiq khan, Asma Bibi, Muneeba Attique, Samina Qadir

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Gomal Medical College, Daraban Road, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan

ISSN: 1819-7973, e-ISSN: 1997-2067

Website: https://www.gmcdikhan.edu.pk

Phone: +92-966-747373

Scimago Journal & Country Rank